What Is 3G?

3G is the third generation of wireless technologies. It comes with enhancements over previous wireless technologies, like high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access, and global roaming.

3G is mostly used with mobile phones and handsets as a means to connect the phone to the internet or other IP networks in order to make voice and video calls, to download and upload data, and to surf the web.

3G History

3G follows a pattern of G's that started in the early 1990's by the ITU. The pattern is actually a wireless initiative called the IMT-2000 (International Mobile Communications 2000). 3G therefore comes just after 2G and 2.5G, the second generation technologies.

2G technologies include, among others, the Global System for Mobile (GSM). 2.5G brings standards that are midway between 2G and 3G, including the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), etc.

How Is 3G Better?

3G has the following enhancements over 2.5G and previous networks:

• Several times higher data speed
• Enhanced audio and video streaming
• Video-conferencing support
• Web and WAP browsing at higher speeds
• IPTV (TV through the internet) support

3G Technical Specifications

The transfer rate for 3G networks is between 128 and 144 kbps (kilobits per second) for devices that are moving fast, and 384 kbps for slow ones (like walking pedestrians).

For fixed wireless LANs, the speed goes beyond 2 Mbps (2,000 kbps).

3G is a set of technologies and standards that include W-CDMA, WLAN, and cellular radio, among others.

What's Required for Using 3G?

A device that's 3G compatible, like a phone or tablet, is of course the first requirement. This is where the name 3G phone comes from - a phone that has 3G functionality; nothing to do with the number of cameras or the memory it has.

An example is the iPhone 3G.

3G phones commonly have two cameras since the technology allows the user to have video calls, for which a user-facing camera is required for capturing him/her.

Unlike with Wi-Fi, which you can get for free in hotspots, you need to be subscribed to a service provider to get 3G network connectivity. We often call this kind of service a data plan or network plan.

Your device is connected to the 3G network through its SIM card (in the case of a mobile phone) or its 3G data card (which can be of different types like USB, PCMCIA, etc.), both of which are usually provided or sold by the service provider.

This is how the device connects to the internet when it's within range of a 3G network. In fact, the device is backwards compatible with older technologies, which is why a 3G compatible phone can get 2G service if it's available when 3G service is not.

What Does 3G Cost?

3G is not cheap, but it's worthwhile for users that need connectivity on the move. Some providers offer it within a somewhat costly package, but most of them have plans where the user pays for the amount of data transferred.

This is because the technology is packet-based. For example, there are service plans where there is a flat rate for the first gigabyte of data transferred, and a per megabyte or per gigabyte cost after that.

3G and Voice

Wireless technologies are a way for mobile users to make free or cheap calls worldwide and save a lot of money due to the latest telephony applications and services. 3G networks have the advantage of being available on the move, unlike Wi-Fi, which is limited to a few meters around the emitting router.

A user with a 3G phone and data plan is well-equipped for making free mobile calls. They will just have to install one of the many available free VoIP applications, like Viber, WhatsApp, or Telegram.